{"id":9315,"date":"2026-03-03T09:23:21","date_gmt":"2026-03-03T15:23:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/idsinc.com\/glossary-for-data-investigators\/"},"modified":"2026-03-12T14:20:17","modified_gmt":"2026-03-12T20:20:17","slug":"glossaire","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/idsinc.com\/fr\/glossary\/","title":{"rendered":"Glossaire des analystes de donn\u00e9es"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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\n \n Glossaire des analystes de donn\u00e9es <\/span>\n\n \n \n <\/span>\n <\/h1>\n<\/div>\n\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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Terme<\/h3> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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Cat\u00e9gorie<\/h3> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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D\u00e9finition<\/h3> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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Image m\u00e9dico-l\u00e9gale<\/h4> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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Collection<\/h4> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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Une copie bit \u00e0 bit, en lecture seule, d'un disque dur qui capture les donn\u00e9es \u201c supprim\u00e9es \u201d qu'un simple \u201c copier-coller \u201d ne permettrait pas de r\u00e9cup\u00e9rer.<\/h6> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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Bloqueur d'\u00e9criture<\/h4> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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Collection<\/h4> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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Un dispositif mat\u00e9riel qui emp\u00eache toute \u00e9criture de donn\u00e9es sur un appareil pendant l'enqu\u00eate, garantissant ainsi l'int\u00e9grit\u00e9 des preuves.<\/h6> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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M\u00e9tadonn\u00e9es<\/h4> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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Divulgation \u00e9lectronique<\/h4> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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\u201c Donn\u00e9es sur les donn\u00e9es \u201d. Inclut des informations cach\u00e9es comme l'auteur du fichier, sa derni\u00e8re modification et la dur\u00e9e totale d'\u00e9dition.<\/h6> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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ESI<\/h4> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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Divulgation \u00e9lectronique<\/h4> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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Le terme g\u00e9n\u00e9rique d\u00e9signant toutes les preuves num\u00e9riques (courriels, Slack, PDF, etc.).<\/h6> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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GOUDRON<\/h4> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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Divulgation \u00e9lectronique<\/h4> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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Utilisation de l'IA\/de l'apprentissage automatique pour coder les documents en fonction de leur pertinence dans des ensembles de donn\u00e9es massifs.<\/h6> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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Format natif<\/h4> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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Divulgation \u00e9lectronique<\/h4> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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Le type de fichier d'origine (par exemple, .XLSX). Il est souvent n\u00e9cessaire de consulter le fichier au format natif pour visualiser les formules ou m\u00e9tadonn\u00e9es cach\u00e9es.<\/h6> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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Charger le fichier<\/h4> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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Divulgation \u00e9lectronique<\/h4> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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Un fichier utilis\u00e9 pour importer des donn\u00e9es dans une plateforme de r\u00e9vision, en reliant le texte, les images et les m\u00e9tadonn\u00e9es.<\/h6> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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Traitement<\/h4> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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Divulgation \u00e9lectronique<\/h4> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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L'\u00e9tape o\u00f9 les donn\u00e9es \u00e9lectroniques brutes sont converties en un format structur\u00e9 pour examen juridique.<\/h6> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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Artefact<\/h4> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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m\u00e9decine l\u00e9gale<\/h4> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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Une \u201c trace \u201d num\u00e9rique laiss\u00e9e par le syst\u00e8me d\u2019exploitation ou une application (par exemple, un fichier de raccourci ou une cl\u00e9 de registre) qui prouve l\u2019activit\u00e9 de l\u2019utilisateur.<\/h6> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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Fichiers LNK<\/h4> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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m\u00e9decine l\u00e9gale<\/h4> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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Les fichiers \u201c raccourcis \u201d Windows qui prouvent qu'un fichier a \u00e9t\u00e9 ouvert, m\u00eame si le fichier lui-m\u00eame a depuis \u00e9t\u00e9 supprim\u00e9 ou d\u00e9plac\u00e9.<\/h6> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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Sacs \u00e0 coquillages<\/h4> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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m\u00e9decine l\u00e9gale<\/h4> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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Les donn\u00e9es permettant de suivre les dossiers consult\u00e9s par un utilisateur sont essentielles pour prouver qu'un employ\u00e9 \u201c consultait \u201d des r\u00e9pertoires sensibles.<\/h6> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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Espace non allou\u00e9<\/h4> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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m\u00e9decine l\u00e9gale<\/h4> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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La zone \u201c\u00a0cach\u00e9e\u00a0\u201d d\u2019un disque o\u00f9 r\u00e9sident les fichiers supprim\u00e9s avant leur \u00e9crasement. Elle est essentielle pour la r\u00e9cup\u00e9ration des journaux d\u2019\u00e9v\u00e9nements effac\u00e9s.<\/h6> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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Analyse du registre<\/h4> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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m\u00e9decine l\u00e9gale<\/h4> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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Examiner le \u201c cerveau \u201d du syst\u00e8me d'exploitation Windows pour voir ce qui
Quels logiciels \u00e9taient install\u00e9s ou quelles cl\u00e9s USB \u00e9taient branch\u00e9es ?.<\/h6> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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Donn\u00e9es \u00e9ph\u00e9m\u00e8res<\/h4> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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m\u00e9decine l\u00e9gale<\/h4> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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Donn\u00e9es \u00e9ph\u00e9m\u00e8res comme la RAM ou les messages autodestructeurs (Signal\/WhatsApp) qui n\u00e9cessitent une sauvegarde imm\u00e9diate.<\/h6> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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Listes de raccourcis<\/h4> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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m\u00e9decine l\u00e9gale<\/h4> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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Les fonctionnalit\u00e9s de Windows qui affichent les fichiers \u201c r\u00e9cemment ouverts \u201d par application, attestant de l'intention et de l'acc\u00e8s r\u00e9cent.<\/h6> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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Espace Slack<\/h4> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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m\u00e9decine l\u00e9gale<\/h4> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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L'espace inutilis\u00e9 dans un cluster de fichiers qui contient souvent des fragments d'anciennes donn\u00e9es supprim\u00e9es.<\/h6> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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Valeur de hachage<\/h4> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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Int\u00e9grit\u00e9<\/h4> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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Une empreinte num\u00e9rique (MD5\/SHA1). Si un seul octet d'un fichier est modifi\u00e9, le hachage change, prouvant ainsi toute falsification.<\/h6> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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Cha\u00eene de possession<\/h4> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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L\u00e9gal<\/h4> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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Un registre chronologique des personnes ayant manipul\u00e9 les preuves, garantissant qu'elles n'ont pas \u00e9t\u00e9 alt\u00e9r\u00e9es entre leur collecte et leur pr\u00e9sentation au tribunal.<\/h6> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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Gardien<\/h4> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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L\u00e9gal<\/h4> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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La personne qui avait le contr\u00f4le physique ou logique des donn\u00e9es (par exemple, l'employ\u00e9 qui quitte l'entreprise).<\/h6> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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Lettre de pr\u00e9servation<\/h4> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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L\u00e9gal<\/h4> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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Une mise en demeure formelle adress\u00e9e \u00e0 un employ\u00e9 ou \u00e0 un tiers pour lui ordonner de cesser toute suppression\/rotation de donn\u00e9es en raison d'un litige en cours.<\/h6> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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D\u00e9duplication<\/h4> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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Traitement<\/h4> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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Supprimer les copies exactes d'un m\u00eame courriel ou fichier d'un ensemble de donn\u00e9es afin de r\u00e9duire le temps et les co\u00fbts de r\u00e9vision.<\/h6> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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abattage<\/h4> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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Traitement<\/h4> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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Utiliser des termes de recherche ou des plages de dates pour r\u00e9duire le volume de donn\u00e9es avant le d\u00e9but de l'examen juridique.<\/h6> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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OCR<\/h4> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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Traitement<\/h4> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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Reconnaissance optique de caract\u00e8res (OCR). Transformation d'images de texte (scans\/captures d'\u00e9cran) en donn\u00e9es consultables.<\/h6> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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Exfiltration<\/h4> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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S\u00e9curit\u00e9<\/h4> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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Le transfert non autoris\u00e9 de donn\u00e9es d'un r\u00e9seau d'entreprise vers un emplacement externe.<\/h6> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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Cartographie des donn\u00e9es<\/h4> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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Strat\u00e9gie<\/h4> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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Identifier o\u00f9 se trouvent toutes les donn\u00e9es d'un employ\u00e9 (ordinateur portable, t\u00e9l\u00e9phone, cloud, CRM) avant de commencer une collecte.<\/h6> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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iDS fournit des solutions de donn\u00e9es consultatives aux entreprises et aux cabinets d'avocats du monde entier, leur donnant un avantage d\u00e9cisif, tant dans la salle d'audience qu'en dehors. Les experts en la mati\u00e8re et les strat\u00e8ges de donn\u00e9es d'iDS se sp\u00e9cialisent dans la recherche de solutions \u00e0 des probl\u00e8mes de donn\u00e9es complexes, garantissant que les donn\u00e9es peuvent \u00eatre exploit\u00e9es comme un atout et non comme un handicap. Pour en savoir plus, visitez idsinc.com<\/a>.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Vous souhaitez utiliser les services d'iDS\u00a0?<\/strong><\/h3> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n
\n
\n \n Parlons <\/a>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Terme<\/p>","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"team":[],"class_list":["post-9315","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","has-post-title","has-post-date","has-post-category","has-post-tag","has-post-comment","has-post-author",""],"yoast_head":"\nData Investigators Glossary - iDiscovery Solutions<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/idsinc.com\/fr\/glossaire\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Data Investigators Glossary\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Term\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/idsinc.com\/fr\/glossaire\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"iDiscovery Solutions\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/iDiscovery-Solutions-110210573904472\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-03-12T20:20:17+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/idsinc.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/iDS-email-release.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"800\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"317\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"5 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/idsinc.com\\\/glossary\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/idsinc.com\\\/glossary\\\/\",\"name\":\"Data Investigators Glossary - 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Reviewing in native format is often required to see hidden formulas or metadata.<\/h6>\n<h4>Load File<\/h4>\n<h4>eDisclosure<\/h4>\n<h6>A file used to import data into a review platform, linking the text, images, and metadata together.<\/h6>\n<h4>Processing<\/h4>\n<h4>eDisclosure<\/h4>\n<h6>The stage where raw ESI is converted into a structured format for legal review.<\/h6>\n<h4>Artefact<\/h4>\n<h4>Forensics<\/h4>\n<h6>A digital \u201cbreadcrumb\u201d left by the OS or an app (e.g., a shortcut file or a registry key) that proves user activity.<\/h6>\n<h4>LNK Files<\/h4>\n<h4>Forensics<\/h4>\n<h6>Windows \u201cShortcut\u201d files that prove a file was opened, even if the file itself has since been deleted or moved.<\/h6>\n<h4>Shellbags<\/h4>\n<h4>Forensics<\/h4>\n<h6>Data that tracks which folders a user viewed\u2014essential for proving an employee was \u201cbrowsing\u201d sensitive directories.<\/h6>\n<h4>Unallocated Space<\/h4>\n<h4>Forensics<\/h4>\n<h6>The \u201chidden\u201d area of a disk where deleted files live before they are overwritten. High-value for recovering \u201cerased\u201d logs.<\/h6>\n<h4>Registry Analysis<\/h4>\n<h4>Forensics<\/h4>\n<h6>Examining the \u201cbrain\u201d of the Windows OS to see what<br>software was installed or what USBs were plugged in.<\/h6>\n<h4>Ephemeral Data<\/h4>\n<h4>Forensics<\/h4>\n<h6>Short-lived data like RAM or self-destructing messages (Signal\/WhatsApp) that requires immediate preservation.<\/h6>\n<h4>Jump Lists<\/h4>\n<h4>Forensics<\/h4>\n<h6>Windows features that show \u201cRecently Opened\u201d files per application\u2014proving intent and recent access.<\/h6>\n<h4>Slack Space<\/h4>\n<h4>Forensics<\/h4>\n<h6>The unused space in a file cluster that often contains fragments of old, deleted data.<\/h6>\n<h4>Hash Value<\/h4>\n<h4>Integrity<\/h4>\n<h6>A digital fingerprint (MD5\/SHA1). If a single byte in a file changes, the hash changes, proving tampering.<\/h6>\n<h4>Chain of Custody<\/h4>\n<h4>Legal<\/h4>\n<h6>The chronological record of who handled the evidence, ensuring it hasn\u2019t been altered from collection to court.<\/h6>\n<h4>Custodian<\/h4>\n<h4>Legal<\/h4>\n<h6>The individual who had physical or logical control over the data (e.g., the departing employee).<\/h6>\n<h4>Preservation Letter<\/h4>\n<h4>Legal<\/h4>\n<h6>A formal notice to an employee or third party to stop all data deletion\/rotation because of pending litigation.<\/h6>\n<h4>De-duplication<\/h4>\n<h4>Processing<\/h4>\n<h6>Removing exact copies of the same email or file from a dataset to reduce review time and costs.<\/h6>\n<h4>Culling<\/h4>\n<h4>Processing<\/h4>\n<h6>Using search terms or date ranges to reduce the volume of data before legal review begins.<\/h6>\n<h4>OCR<\/h4>\n<h4>Processing<\/h4>\n<h6>Optical Character Recognition. Turning pictures of text (scans\/screenshots) into searchable data.<\/h6>\n<h4>Exfiltration<\/h4>\n<h4>Security<\/h4>\n<h6>The unauthorized transfer of data from a company network to an external location.<\/h6>\n<h4>Data Mapping<\/h4>\n<h4>Strategy<\/h4>\n<h6>Identifying where all an employee\u2019s data lives (Laptop, Phone, Cloud, CRM) before starting a collection.<\/h6>\n<p><em><strong>iDS provides consultative data solutions to corporations and law firms around the world, giving them a decisive advantage \u2013 both in and out of the courtroom. iDS\u2019s subject matter experts and data strategists specialize in finding solutions to complex data problems, ensuring data can be leveraged as an asset, not a liability. To learn more, visit <a href=\"https:\/\/idsinc.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">idsinc.com<\/a>.<\/strong><\/em><\/p> <h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Interested in utilizing iDS' services?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/idsinc.com\/contact\/\" > Let's Talk <\/a>","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/idsinc.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9315","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/idsinc.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/idsinc.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idsinc.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idsinc.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9315"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/idsinc.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9315\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9523,"href":"https:\/\/idsinc.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9315\/revisions\/9523"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/idsinc.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9315"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"team","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idsinc.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/team?post=9315"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}